Tajweed Basics Flashcards

Question 1

What does the word “Tajweed” mean?

Accepted Answer

To make something good or excellent. In recitation it means giving every letter its correct sound and qualities.

Question 2

What is a makhraj?

Accepted Answer

The point of articulation where a letter’s sound is produced, such as the throat, the tongue or the lips.

Question 3

Which letters have qalqalah?

Accepted Answer

ق ط ب ج د, often remembered as “qutbu jad” (قطب جد).

Question 4

What is ghunnah?

Accepted Answer

A nasal sound held for about two counts, for example on a noon or meem with shaddah.

Question 5

What are the four rules of noon sakinah and tanween?

Accepted Answer

Izhar (clear), idgham (merging), iqlab (changing to a meem sound) and ikhfa (hiding).

Question 6

Which letters cause izhar of noon sakinah and tanween?

Accepted Answer

The six throat letters: ء ه ع ح غ خ.

Question 7

Which letter causes iqlab?

Accepted Answer

ب. The noon sakinah or tanween changes to a hidden meem sound with ghunnah.

Question 8

Which letters cause idgham?

Accepted Answer

The letters of يرملون. With ghunnah: ي ن م و. Without ghunnah: ل ر.

Question 9

How many letters cause ikhfa?

Accepted Answer

Fifteen: every letter not covered by izhar, idgham or iqlab.

Question 10

How long is the natural madd (madd tabiʿi)?

Accepted Answer

Two counts.

Question 11

What happens when meem sakinah is followed by ب?

Accepted Answer

Ikhfa shafawi: the meem is pronounced lightly with ghunnah.

Question 12

When is the lam in the name “Allah” pronounced heavy?

Accepted Answer

After a fatha or damma, as in قَالَ اللهُ. After a kasra it is light, as in بِسْمِ اللهِ.

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